The drop in temperature signals more than just hot chocolate and seasonal movies; it signals a drastic change in road conditions that demands your full attention. We understand how stressful it can be to navigate icy highways or snow-covered streets. You want to get to your destination safely, and we are here to help you prepare for driving during the winter.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), there were 320 fatal traffic crashes and an estimated 22,293 injury crashes in 2023 that occurred during snow or sleet conditions.
You cannot control the weather, but you can control how prepared you are to face it. By taking the right steps now, you protect yourself, your passengers, and others on the road. This guide provides the authoritative advice you need to master winter driving safety.
How to Prepare Your Vehicle for Driving in the Winter
Before the first flake falls, you must make sure your car is prepared to ride through the snow and freezing temperatures. By ensuring your vehicle is well-maintained and safe, you can navigate through the harsh weather more confidently.
Inspect Your Tires
As the temperature drops, so does tire inflation pressure in your tires. Check your tire pressure regularly when the tires are cold, meaning they haven’t been driven on for at least three hours. Ensure they are inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended level found in your owner’s manual or on the driver’s side door frame.
Tread depth is equally critical for winter driver safety. If your tread is worn down, your tires cannot channel snow and slush away, leading to a loss of traction. Ensure your tread depth is at least 2/32 of an inch.
If you live in an area with frequent heavy snowfall, it is recommended to install snow tires that match your specific car’s make and model. They provide superior grip and stopping power compared to all-season tires.
Check Essential Fluids and Battery
Cold weather creates a heavy strain on your car’s battery. A battery that works fine in summer may fail in freezing temperatures. Have a mechanic test your battery’s strength and replace it if it is near the end of its life.
Additionally, maintain your gas tank at least half full at all times. This prevents your gas line from freezing and ensures you have fuel to run the engine for heat if you become stranded.
Finally, top off your windshield wiper fluid with a “winter” blend that contains de-icer. You can go through a large amount of fluid in a single storm, and visibility is non-negotiable.
Build Your Emergency Survival Kit
We hope you never have to use an emergency kit, but it’s essential have one. If you slide off the road or suffer a mechanical failure, it may take time for help to reach you. A well-stocked kit can make the difference between an inconvenience and a tragedy.
Stock your vehicle with these essentials:
- Snow shovel, broom, and ice scraper: To clear your car and exhaust pipe.
- Abrasive material: Sand, kitty litter, or traction mats to help your tires grip if you get stuck.
- Jumper cables: To restart a dead battery.
- Flashlight and warning devices: Flares or emergency markers to make your vehicle visible.
- Warmth: Thick blankets, hats, gloves, and hand warmers.
- Nourishment: Water and non-perishable food like energy bars.
- Communication: A cell phone charger and a portable power bank.
How to Drive in Snow
When you are behind the wheel during a storm, your full focus must be on the road. The rules of driving change when the pavement turns to ice. Knowing how to drive in snow and black ice requires patience, gentle maneuvers, and heightened awareness.
Slow Down and Increase Distance
It takes significantly longer to stop on snow-covered roads than on dry pavement. The most effective safety measure you can take is to slow down and drive below the posted speed limit. Adjust your speed to account for lower traction.
You must also increase your following distance. AAA recommends increasing your following distance to five to six seconds when driving on snow or ice. This margin provides the necessary space to stop safely if the car in front of you brakes suddenly or loses control.
Learn More: How to Handle Tailgating Drivers
Avoid Cruise Control
Never use cruise control when driving in snow or on slippery surfaces. You need to be in complete control of the accelerator and brakes at all times. If your car hits a patch of ice while cruise control is on, the system may try to accelerate to maintain speed, causing you to lose control instantly.
Respect the Snowplow
Snowplow operators perform a vital service, but their field of vision is restricted. You may see them, but they may not see you. Do not crowd a snowplow or travel directly beside it. These large vehicles make wide turns and stop frequently. Stay far back and give them room to work.
Recovering from a Skid
If you hit a patch of ice and start to skid, try not to panic. Stay calm and follow these steps:
- Steer in the Direction of the Skid: If your rear wheels slide left, steer left. If they slide right, steer right.
- Avoid Slamming on the Brakes: This will lock your wheels and make the skid worse.
- Regain Control: As the vehicle straightens out, gently counter-steer to keep the car moving in your intended direction.
What to Do If You Become Stranded
Despite your best efforts with safe winter driving, severe weather can sometimes force you off the road. If you become stranded, your priority is to stay safe and warm while waiting for rescue.
- Stay in Your Vehicle: Do not leave your car to search for help unless safety is visible within 100 yards. It is incredibly easy to become disoriented in blowing snow, and your vehicle provides the best shelter.
- Make Yourself Visible: Tie a brightly colored cloth to your antenna or hang it out the window. At night, keep your dome light on so rescue crews can see you.
- Guard Against Carbon Monoxide: Clear snow away from your exhaust pipe immediately. A blocked exhaust can send deadly carbon monoxide gas into the cabin. Run your engine for only about 10 minutes each hour to stay warm, and open a downwind window slightly for ventilation while the car is running.
Get Help If You’re Hurt in An Accident This Winter
Winter travel presents challenges, but you have the power to navigate them safely. By preparing your vehicle, carrying the right gear, and adjusting your driving habits, you significantly reduce your risk of injury. We want you to feel confident and secure every time you get behind the wheel.
Remember, no destination is worth risking your life. If the weather reports indicate severe conditions, the safest choice is often to stay home. However, if you must travel, trust in your preparation.
If you are in a car accident because of someone else’s negligence, you have rights. Our attorneys at DM Injury Law will listen to your story and help you seek the financial compensation you deserve.
Contact us today to schedule a free consultation of your case.
Related: What to Do After a Car Accident